Wednesday, January 22, 2020

Dad :: Personal Narrative Profile

Personal Narrative- Dad My brother and I were standing in a white room where people were franticly running around. I looked at this man being wheeled by lying on a blood soaked bed. His eyes were swelled shut and he was moaning in excruciating pain. I took a closer look and realized his skull was exposed. His scalp was completely off the side of his head. Tears started coming when I thought about this poor man's family. How were the doctors going to tell his wife and kids what he looked like; or even worse, he had died. I looked at my brother in horror and disbelief. He said in a dismayed voice, "Jess, that's Dad!" I was running around the gym and warming up for a game of "capture the ball." A loud beeping noise sounded through the gym and I heard a sweet voice say, "Please excuse Jessie Jones." My heart pumped as I jumped for joy. No P.E. today! I got my bag and waited at the door for my mom. I was messing around with my friend, when Mrs. Ledger told me that my mom sounded very upset. I thought nothing of it and kept joking around. I walked outside and a woman from my Mom's work was waiting to pick me up. I gave her a perplexed look as she said, "Your Dad got in a wreck." At this point, the significance of the whole event still had not hit me. I met my Mom at City Market and she was hysterical. Seeing my Mother in her hysteria didn't affect me because, getting worked up easily was her routine. She told me that they had to "Flight for Life" my Dad to St. Mary's Hospital. At that point, I knew the accident was serious. I tried to swallow the apple-sized lump in my throat. We waited, for what seemed like an eternity, in the waiting room. I was anxious to see my Dad so I kept going in and asking when we could see him. They said when he was cleaned up they would come and get us. They brought out his clothes and his shoes were covered with a crimson color. My chest got heavy and I fought to breathe. My heart skipped a beat and my throat started to hurt. I was sucking back my tears.

Tuesday, January 14, 2020

Battle of Salamis and Miltiades

Miltiades biggest contribution was to the battle at Marathon which was considered a significant impact on the Persian wars. It was in the battle at Marathon where he showed both witt and skill against the Persian army. He was considered valuable to the athenians because of his former close relations with the Persian army, which meant he knew there tactics and there ways to which they fought in battle. The Athenians made Miltiades 10th Commander to which each day starting from commander one every commander would be given a chance to be in charge of the army.It was Miltiades who saw the fact that the Persian cavalary wasnt their as an advantage and to which could result in victory if the Athenian army attacked early. So Miltiades convinced Calimuchus the Polemarh to confront the Persian army and give him command. Miltiades battle tactics were both thoughtful and strategic as he used what he had learnt about the Persians against them with both ingenious and thoughful ideas.He made use o f the terrain by placing his army on the top of the hill so that they had the higher ground and the best spot for when they made there way down hill so they were less tired and exhausted. It was said to be Miltiades who convinced the generals not to use their customary tactics of which hoplites (soldiers of greek cities) normally marched in an evenly distributed phanlanx of shields and spears. Miltiades was the one who had this great idea of attacking while the cavalary was not around.He knew that the Persians had there flanks set out that the strongest soldiers where in the middle of th e flank and the weakest on the outer flanks, so Miltiades devised this cunning plan to swap it around for his army. He made the strongest soldiers as the outer flanks and the weakest in the middle, so when it came to the fight the strongest soldiers could encirle the persian flanks and cause them distress and penick.His other contribution in the battle at Marathon tactics was the fact that he knew t he Persians used arrow man. So miltiades had to think of a way to make it as if the Persian arrowman werent much help in inilation at all. This is the tactic i believe that sets him apart from every other commander; he made his army run into battle. as soon as miltiades army was in range of arrows he had them sprint and avoid the arrows, which this plan left the Persians dumbfounded.But as i write how genius he was i know that Munro points out that it was Miltiades who understood the Persian way of doing thins, it was Miltiades who understood his strengths and weaknesses, and Miltiades who proved to be the master of timing, waiting for just the right time to act. Miltiades was seen as the one to seize the best position and knew just when to take the offensive. But I see another person who was of even larger importance to the contribution of the Persian wars and his name is Themistocles.

Monday, January 6, 2020

Roman Republic And Early Roman Empire Essay - 1511 Words

The later Roman Republic and early Roman Empire controlled most of modern day Europe through Northern Africa to Asia Minor. This time of complete dominance over much of the known world propelled Rome into a new era of wealth and prosperity that allowed Romans to look past military expansion. The Roman state now turned towards betterment of society and the â€Å"craving for a good education.† Education was seen not only as a tool for the furthering of personal careers, but as a way to improve Rome. Education passed along virtue and the skills necessary to run the Republic and early Empire. This knowledge began in the home, transferring from father to son through the role of fathers as paterfamilias or head of household. Fathers were in charge of ensuring the best possible education for their sons in hope that they would further the ideals and goals of a glorious Rome. Education, through the different steps of the informal Roman education structure and through the influence of the father, furthered the ideal of Roman virtue and ensured generations of virtuous leaders. Early education was usually obtained through the family especially since there were â€Å"no free public schools.† Even where there were publicly funded schools, Romans feared the privilege of education â€Å"might be corrupted to serve private interests.† This went against the Roman ideal that looked towards education as a betterment of society, not the individual. Pliny, in 100 AD to the community of Comum, argued itShow MoreRelatedRise of the Roman Republic Essay953 Words   |  4 PagesRISE OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Rome became a powerful empire engulfing much of Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia and what seemed like this great entity called the Romans were always in the search of more territory and land to conquer and assimilate into their ever growing vast empire. However, this was not always the case, before Rome became one of the greatest empires in all of history, Rome was a republic. They were government consisted of a Senate who muchRead MoreGovernment Of Roman Republic And Modern Government Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment of Roman Republic The government of Roman Republic was certainly a precursor of modern government. Social class played a vital role in the beginning of Republics. Whether a person was a wealthy patrician or common plebeian decided what role he can play in the government. Consuls stayed above Senate. Senate made decisions on spending, taxation and relationship with foreign powers. Last there was the Assembly, which continued to change the rules and rights. Roman society and its politicsRead MoreThe Ancient Roman Empire1518 Words   |  6 Pagesprogressive and triumphant as the Roman Empire. Also remarkable in the fact that it did not conform to Western democracy. Comprised of sizeable portions of the world that ran from the Mediterranean Sea to areas surrounding continental Europe and the Middle East. It was the largest spanning empire the world had ever seen and succeeded in cultural control on the lands and of the people, lasting centuries. The Roman republic lasted from 507 to 31 BCE, the Republic unlike other major historic civilisationsRead MoreHow Roman Empire Different From The Roman Republic?1136 Words   |  5 PagesBerkowitz History 101 Exam #2 How Was The Roman Empire Different From The Roman Republic? Our modern idea about the words republic and imperial suggests that a republic is fair and upheld by a constitution or contract with its people; however, an imperial system is harsh, brutal and controlled by a tyrant. This perception of the words republic and empire does not necessarily pertain to ancient Rome. The differences between the Roman Empire and the Roman Republic reveal something much different. TheRead MoreRome Essay Question1622 Words   |  7 PagesStudy Guide Question #1 Rome – early empires Here is what I am hoping to do when I take write my response to this question. Definitely doesn’t matter how you do, just thought I would clarify for any one still a bit confused. My plan is to take the main examples provided for why each is successful and format it as follows: Roman Republic, Roman Empire, both, hit on other civilizations, misc. I’m planning to link examples that explain how other emperors didn’t do what Rome did correctly directlyRead MoreThe Roman And Roman Empire1068 Words   |  5 PagesThe Roman Empire, which was centered in the city of Rome, was the most extensive western civilization of ancient times. With its major advancements and prosperity it is hard to believe that the Roman Empire suddenly collapsed and fell into a time known as the Dark Ages. After a period of struggles for the Roman Empire, the empire gradually fell. Rome was the most successful civilization of its time. Its strategic location in the center of the Italian Peninsula and the fertile plains that supportedRead MoreThe Civilization Of Ancient Rome1366 Words   |  6 Pages The Civilization of Ancient Rome and The Time of the Kings, From Republic to Empire: Romulus and Remus, the Etruscans, the Greeks and early influences HST 101 Spring 2015 Lance Raebel Pima Community College West Campus Tucson, Arizona Table of Contents Introduction I. Romulus And Remus founding story a. Twin brothers i. Considered to be half gods ii. Rasied by a she wolf b. Father the god of war i. Rapes Rhea Silvia their mother c. Find Rome i. Romulus then kills Remus for leadership IIRead MoreEtruscan And Roman Art History Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesEtruscan And Roman Art The period known as the Roman Republic began with the overthrow of the last Etruscan king and lasted until the death of Julius Caesar. Historically, the Republic was a time of expansion that was accomplished through war and alliances. The expansion of the empire brought about social, political, and economic changes that defined the empire for centuries. The death of Commodus, the son of Marcus Aurelius, marked the end of the Antonine dynasty. The erosion of Roman power becameRead MoreAncient Rome And The Roman Empire1067 Words   |  5 Pagesheight, the Roman Empire was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. The remains of this empire can still be seen today. The empire was filled with advanced people and technology for its time. The Roman Empire has rich history, helpful geography and resources, provinces, an advanced government, and unique people and culture. Ancient Rome can be divided into three main parts. The Roman Monarchy, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. The Romans believed thatRead MoreThe Roman Empire Was At Its Height. Despite Many Historians1202 Words   |  5 Pages The Roman Empire was at its Height. Despite many historians and professors attribute the fall of the Roman empire to excess and corruption, the role of Christianity shifting power, increased technology beyond the borders of the empire, the passing of power and trade created a situation that made the fall of such a large cumbersome empire inevitable. Rome History The founder of Rome goes back to the very first early days of the civilization. It is so old it is known as the eternal

Sunday, December 29, 2019

Is A Peg Exchange Rate Regime Is The Loss Of Control Over...

One prominent criticism of adopting a peg exchange rate regime is the loss of control over monetary policy. The simultaneous combination of a fixed exchange rate regime and open capital markets with an independent monetary policy constitutes the Impossible Trinity. If the exchange rate is pegged and capital is mobile, then the domestic nominal interest rate must equal the foreign nominal interest rate. Lack of effective local monetary policy is harmful, especially when a country is hit by domestic shocks which are not correlated with business cycles in the anchor country. A domestic monetary policy is a plus, but the existence of an independent monetary policy does not guarantee its proper performance. Developing countries usually do†¦show more content†¦Three historical examples of the Bretton Woods system in the 1970s, the successful attacks under the European Monetary System in 1992 and 1993 and the emerging market crises of 1994-2000 prove that the fragility of a peg exc hange rate is more severe under an open capital market (Obstfeld and Rogoff, 1995). Another challenge in a fixed exchange rate regime, after choosing the right anchor, is pegging to the right rate. The risk of being locked into a misaligned exchange rate is a disadvantage of a fixed exchange rate regime. The equilibrium exchange rate -- an exchange rate based on the fundamentals -- is the efficient rate. Any divergence from this rate and insisting on the wrong exchange rate is damaging. This is not the case in a floating exchange rate regime where the exchange rate is not locked. However, even in a floating exchange rate regime, there is a possibility of being far from the equilibrium exchange rate for some time. In a fixed exchange rate regime, especially if the trade of a country is concentrated with those major currencies, the cross-rate fluctuation (the fluctuations of the anchor currency against other major currencies) is another severe flaw. For example, the Persian Gulf oil e xporting countries follow a peg exchange rate to the US dollar and have most of their trade with Europe and Japan. In 1997, the appreciation of the US dollarShow MoreRelatedBritish Exit, An Abbreviation For A Brexit† Which Means1491 Words   |  6 Pagesleast level in decades. 52 % of the British electorate voted to leave, while forty eight per cent chose to remain. With more than 20 million people voting, turnout was 71.8. One of the major concerns paving the way to the referendum was boundary control – recapturing nation s capacity to choose who comes into the nation, how, who can work, and so forth. A Hard Brexit declined to bargain on major EU issues, for example, the open movement of citizens leaving the sole economy totally, and exchangingRead MoreExchange Rate Policy in Bangladesh: a Review of Key Concepts and Issues6293 Words   |  26 PagesExchange Rate Policy in Bangladesh: A Review of Key Concepts and Issues ----------------------------------------------------- In an open and deregulated economic environment, exchange rates can play an important role in macroeconomic management for stability and growth. The increasing role of exchange rates since the early 1970s has indeed been a break from the Bretton Woods tradition of the 1950s and 1960s that assigned a limited role for exchange rates in economic affairs. However, the bankingRead MoreMexican Devaluation Of The Mexican Peso Crisis Essay1412 Words   |  6 Pagesargument has been whether sound monetary, fiscal and exchange rate policies could have prevented the crisis or foreign intervention was inviable to control the crisis because of the effect to the global community. The purpose of this paper is to show that it was the policies of the Mexican government that caused the devaluation of the peso and thus the ensuing Mexican Peso Crisis. The 1994 Mexican Peso Crisis was a relatively short crisis. The economic policies of the Mexican government needsRead MoreExchange Rate Systems3842 Words   |  16 PagesChapter 5 Exchange Rate Systems questions 1. How can you quantify currency risk in a floating exchange rate system? Answer: To characterize the risk of a currency position, you must try to characterize the conditional distribution of the future exchange rate changes. With floating exchange rates, historical information provides useful information about this distribution. For example, you can use data to measure the average historical dispersion (standard deviation or volatility)Read MoreMultinational Business Finance Chatper One Qestion Answer2218 Words   |  9 Pages CHAPTER 2: THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM 1. The gold standard and the money supply. Under the gold standard all national governments promised to follow the â€Å"rules of the game†. This meant defending a fixed exchange rate. What did this promise imply about a country’s money supply? A country’s money supply was limited to the amount of gold held by its central bank or treasury. For example, if a country had 1,000,000 ounces of gold and its fixed rate of exchange was 100 local currency units perRead MoreWorld Economy Individual Assignment :1022 Words   |  5 Pagesinterest rates and fluctuating growths in 1990’s, Turkey launched a new disinflation program in 1999. This new disinflation program, which was backed by IMF, aimed to decrease the inflation to single digit rates at the end of 2002 and intended to increase the public-sector primary balance to %3,7 at the end of 2000 (Yeldan September 2001). Inflation rate target was anchored to pre-announced crawling peg exchange rate regime and progr am projected a gradual move towards flexible exchange rate in JulyRead MoreExchange Rate Mechanisms9910 Words   |  40 PagesINTRODUCTION An exchange rate is the price at which one countrys currency must pay in order to buy one unit of another county’s currency on the foreign exchange market. The concept of exchange rate mechanism may be explained as the technique employed by the governments in order to manage and control their respective currencies in the context of the other major currencies of the world. There are 5 exchange rate mechanisms established which each of it is meant to be followed by government regardingRead MoreDollarization in Zimbabwe5352 Words   |  22 PagesFull Dollarization The Pros and Cons Andrew Berg, Eduardo Borensztein  ©2000 International Monetary Fund December 2000 [Preface]   [The Pros and Cons of Full Dollarization]   [Questions About Pegs]   [The Appeal of Dollarization]   [The Risk Premium]   [Seigniorage]   [Stability]   [Effect on Trade and Financial Links]   [Exit Option]   [Lender of Last Resort Function and Financial System Stability]   [Conclusions]   [Author Information] Preface The Economic Issues Series aims to make availableRead MoreFixed vs Floating Interest Rate2178 Words   |  9 Pagesversus floating exchange rates Introduction The exchange rate regime The exchange rate regime is the way a country manages its currency in respect to foreign currencies and the foreign exchange market. Each country has its exchange rate policy which determines the form of a government influence on the currency exchange rate. There are three main type of the exchange rate regime: †¢ a floating exchange rate, where the market dictates the movements of the exchange rate, †¢ and the fixedRead MoreInternational Monetary System5852 Words   |  24 PagesINTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM MULTULATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS Meaning International Monetary System refers to the system prevailing in world foreign exchange markets through which international trade capital movements are financed exchanges rates are determined. MNCs operate in a global market, buying/selling/producing in many different countries. For example, GM sells cars in 150 countries, produces cars in 50 countries, so it has to deal with hundreds of currencies. What are the mechanics

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Altruism And Egoism A Moral Code Of Conduct - 1417 Words

In psychology, altruism and egoism are two contrasting views on morality, one holding that one should value principles/actions that benefit others over oneself, the other holding that not only are we innately selfish species, but that selfishness is how one ought to act. While both theories of morality are prevalent throughout history and cultures around the world, I will be examining the two sides of egoism: physiological and ethical, and how these can be connected to altruism. These theories are essential because they provide a foundation, development and a further understanding of one’s needs. Psychological egoism is defined as the belief that the actions we perform actions for our self-benefit. In my opinion, egoism should not be looked at as a moral code of conduct that carries a negative connotation. Everyday we perform selfish actions for our self-benefit, we work for a wage, which in turn provides for ourselves and our families, if we choose to have one. It is impossible to go throughout our lives and not perform a single selfish action. In fact, it is because of our selfishness that we have survived as a species. According to the biologist Richard Dawkins, â€Å"The ruthless and selfishness of the genes make them able to procreate copies of themselves; this is the basis of the evolution†( http://old.unipr.it). Psychological egoism can lead to acts that not only benefit the individual but also the group. For example, if someone volunteers their time at a homelessShow MoreRelatedEthics Essay772 Words   |  4 PagesWhat does Rachels’s â€Å"minimum conception of morality† consist of? Morality is, at the very least, the effort to guide one’s conduct by reason-while giving equal weight to the interests of each individual affected by one’s decision. Reason and impartiality consist stuff 7. What are five common features of Cultural Relativism? 1.Different societies have different moral codes. 2. (a) The good is determined by society; (b) an act is right if it is allowed by the guiding ideals od the society inRead MoreWhat Are Military Ethics?1056 Words   |  5 PagesDiscussion 1. What are military ethics? Military ethics can mean a wide range of things. It can encompass all aspects of military conduct, from writing performance reviews on subordinates, to relations of military personnel with their civilian leaders, to issues related to war (Encyclopedia.com 2017). However this reflection paper will espouse on the essential characteristics of leadership choices, higher standard for military personnel, and behavioral traits that must be imparted to our membersRead MoreThe Moral Philosophy Of Ethical Egoism2536 Words   |  11 PagesTimothy Walter PHI101 – 5:45PM Research Paper The Moral Philosophy of Ethical Egoism â€Å"Let him be the best of men, and let him be thought the worst; then he will have been put to the proof; and we shall see whether he will be affected by the fear of infamy and its consequences. And let him continue thus to the hour of death; being just and seeming to be unjust. When both have reached the uttermost extreme, the one of justice and the other of injustice, let judgment be given which is the happierRead MoreEthical Values And Behaviors Of An Organization941 Words   |  4 PagesHow do ethical values shape behavior in organizations? According to Saleem (2014), ethical values and behaviors of an organization are made up of organizations institutionalized philosophies along with the moral ideologies of its members. In addition, the codes of ethics help to enhance the moral reasoning of employees while shaping their behaviors towards morally questioning unethical situations. Organizational leaders are encouraged to build cultures of trust with leadership who establ ish concerningRead MoreCurrent Ethical Issues in Business Essay2863 Words   |  12 PagesCurrent Ethical Issue in Business Introduction Ethics and moral obligation are something that we all encounter at one time or another. Even in a professional setting, all persons should act in a manner that would uphold the good of society. Why is it that good, ethical and moral behavior is not always adhered to? Is it because some people do not understand ethics and what it means to be ethical? To be ethical, one has to decide between right and wrong, determine what is for the betterment ofRead MoreEssay on Ethics Case Study1554 Words   |  7 Pagesor wrong based on the consequences that occur from them. Decisions are considered to be effective when the negative consequences are eliminated or minimised (Baron, Pettit Slote, 1997; Burgh, 2006). Egoism, Altruism and Utilitarianism are some of the subcategories of Consequentialism. Egoism states that people should consider their own interests first and foremost (Baron, et al.,1997). Looking from an Egoistic perspective I ought to have cancelled any further association with the fast foodRead MoreNormative Theories Of Ethics And Its Principles2769 Words   |  12 Pages Normative theories of ethics The area of philosophy which is concerned with systematizing, defending and recommendation the concepts of right and wrong is briefly defined as ethics. Thus, ethics can be consider as a set of moral rules practiced by a group of people or community. The origin of word Ethics is greece, derived from the word ‘ethikos’, meaning habit. The theories of ethics and its principles are the standing pillars of ethical analysis. These ethical theories areRead MoreThe Price Good Men Pay For Indifference3633 Words   |  15 Pagesindividuals, inclusive of interactions in business. An ethical dilemma can be defined as an instance where moral considerations are pertinent and have the possibility to escalate to an ethical dilemma. For instance a decision or situation that morally requires two or more courses of action that are conflicting or a decision that should be taken in self interest but can intrude upon a moral principle. (Robinson, 2003) Essentially an ethical dilemma is a situation where there is no perfect solutionRead MoreMy View Of Human Morality Essay1844 Words   |  8 Pagesunderstands that life is important hence he or she needs moral values, which act as guiding principles. Our values form the foundation of our lives. They dictate the choices we make and determine the direction that our life takes. Our values will influence our decisions related to our relationships, career, and other activities we engage in. The world we lived is complicated that there exist no universal morality and absolute freedom and since our morals are unique and shaped by our individual experienceRead MoreAltruism, Trust, Integrity, And Professionalism3879 Words   |  16 PagesAbstract: Altruism is a feeling and behavior that shows a desire to help other people and a lack of selfishness. Professional organizations have codified standards of conduct or ethics. The United States Army (Army) is a branch of military service and one of the nation?s professions of arms. The Army demonstrates professionalism through trustworthiness, performance of duty, and strength of character. Each of these has an established standard based on statute, regulation, or doctrinal principle. Standards

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Buddhism free essay sample

This paper discusses the religion of Buddhism and claims that it is the only religion in which one can find true fulfillment. This paper compares the religion of Buddhism to the practice of psychoanalysis and claims that these two practices are the only way in which to live a fulfilled life. It surveys the main principles of the religion and gives examples of how these can improve ones life. From the paper: Buddhism has been described as a very pragmatic religion. It does not indulge in metaphysical speculation about first causes; there is no theology, no worship of a deity or deification of the Buddha. Buddhism takes a very straightforward look at our human condition; nothing is based on wishful thinking. Everything that the Buddha taught was based on his own observations of the way things were. Unlike Christianity, Judaism, Islam, or any other mono (or even poly) theistic religion, everything taught in Buddhism can be verified by our own observation of the way things are in reality. We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This principle not only embodies the connection between Buddhism to psychoanalysis, but clearly proves why these two practices are just about the only two that will allow us to fully live our lives.

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Essay on Network Security And The Network Management System Essay Example For Students

Essay on Network Security And The Network Management System Essay Abstract— the network has become an important component of an organizational business process hence its management must be as secure as possible. Administrators are, hence, faced with the challenge of securing the network. Network security encompasses monitoring and securing the enterprise. The network security comprises of a system that keeps track of the status of a range of elements within a network. Enterprises, therefore, monitor, lock and secure their domains to ensure their security and possibly prevent cyber-attacks. In Enterprise Network Management, even the latest and greatest network hardware and software won t help your enterprise much without the right network management security system to administer the enterprise’s network. As the enterprise network grows, it is important to choose the best Enterprise Networking security that will not only network tasks and optimize design, but secure your network from the threats and attacks. But even then, with the best security system and application, security is not guaranteed. There are both pros and cons of having a security in your enterprise network management system. Networks have many demands placed on them to provide connectivity for business operations and communications. Additionally, to offer the connectivity companies needs, the network must also be secure. Many security purposes have been incorporated into the network management platform to improve network user experience, security, manageability, and network performance. Also, other benefits of security inclusion in enterprise network management include the intrinsic nature of network security, vendor consolidation and ease of operational duties. Security in a network enables control and monitor of privileged net. .. 3, 2014, pp. 80–91.â€Å"Software-De?ned Networking: Why we like it and how we are building on it,† Cisco Inc., White Paper, 2013.Z. Fadlullah, T. Taleb, A. Vasilakos, M. Guizani, and N. Kato, â€Å"DTRAB: combating against attacks on encrypted protocols through traf?c-feature analysis,† IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON), vol. 18, no. 4, 2010, pp. 1234–1247. B. Heller, R. Sherwood, and N. McKeown, â€Å"The controller placement problem,† in Proceedings of the ?rst ACM workshop on Hot topics in software de?ned networks, 2012, pp. 7–12. R. Jain and S. Paul, â€Å"Network virtualization and software de?ned networking for cloud computing: a survey,† IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 51, no. 11, 2013, pp. 24–31.M. Dabbagh, B. Hamdaoui, M. Guizani and A. Rayes, â€Å"Software-De?ned Networking Security: Pros and Cons† Oregon State University, Cisco Systems, San Jose, CA 95134 Paper